Daimaru Canal - Focusing on the history of the Edo period -
Sugebori of Daimaru canal (near Higashi Naganuma)
History of Daimaru Canal
Daimaru water supply is an irrigation water source that takes water from the Tama River in Daimaru, Inagi City, and flows to Noborito, Kawasaki City.Since the Edo period, it has been maintained and managed as an extremely important agricultural water source that irrigates villages in the Inagi City area and downstream villages. water supply excavation There are no clear historical sources regarding the period, but it was during the Edo Shogunate. annual tax A large-scale project aimed at increasing sales of flood control・Water use It is thought that it was created around the 17th century as part of a policy. In the surrounding area, at the beginning of the Edo period Nigaryo water It is clear that large-scale water excavation works were carried out in various parts of the Tama River basin during this period. Also Toru Nobu 3 (1746) ancient documents According to (Kawasaki City/Sahota family documents), Genroku It is recorded that the Daimaru Irrigation Association had been paying for repair materials since 1699, so it seems that the Daimaru Irrigation Association was established at least until the 17th century. frenzy There is no doubt that it will.
Flow path of Daimaru water
The outline of the water flow path is as follows. The intake was located at Ichi-no-Yamashita in Daimaru (slightly upstream of the current Tamagawa Railway Bridge on the Nambu Line). Approximately 100 meters long on the Tama River while (approximately 182 meters) Intake weir The Tama River water was dammed here and the width of the river was 2. while (approximately 3.6 meters) of water gutter (It was introduced from the sluice gate gutter for bringing in water). The taken water first passes through the moat. volume gutter I'm heading to. The dividing gutter is used to separate water for Daimaru Village from water for other villages. attached In the gutter, Moat width was divided into 1 part for Daimaru Village and 2 parts for other villages. here diversion The water used for Daimaru Village was Ohori After watering the southern part of Daimaru Village, it flows through Naganuma Village and Yanoguchi Village, and then heads towards Kawasaki. On the other hand, water for other villages is provided in the eastern part of Daimaru Village. Sugabori and Niibori It is divided into Shinbori flows across the center of Naganuma Village, and Sugabori flows around the northern part of the village before heading towards Oshidate Village. brawler It is further divided into three streams at a watershed called a watershed. The water that was divided into several streams in this way was further divided into a mesh to water the rice fields of villages in the Kawasaki area downstream from the Yanoguchi area.
Villages using irrigation water
During the Edo period, the areas that used Daimaru canal water were four villages in Inagi city limits (Daimaru village, Naganuma village, Oshidate village, Yanoguchi village) and five villages in Kawasaki city area ( Suga village· Nakanoshima village· Sugao village· Gotanda village· Noborito village). These villages are Tachibana tree Although the area was divided into two districts, Tama District and Tama District, and had different ruling lords, they all agreed to use the Daimaru Irrigation Water, and formed the Daimaru Irrigation Nine Villages Association. The most important job of this irrigation association is the maintenance and management of irrigation water, including repairs to the irrigation moat itself, irrigation weir・gutter Repairs were made to facilities such as construction Each village paid for the materials used for the project. In addition, when using water, it is often water war Iga frequent occurrence Did. The content of the water fight is in the summer. During drought There are various issues, such as the distribution of water for the Tama River and the installation of irrigation weirs for the Tama River, and each village approaches the shogunate. Appearance I asked for a ruling.
Old document on water repair (Ashikawa family document)
Old documents about water disputes (Saboda family documents)
Current Daimaru Canal
Daimaru irrigation water, which has been maintained and managed since the Edo period, is gradually losing its function as agricultural water in modern times. The current management is the " Daimaru Irrigation Land Improvement District ”, but the current situation is that the area of cultivated land that uses irrigation water is decreasing year by year. Due to the decline in paddy fields, water that is no longer needed is reclaimed, and the situation has changed, but recently it has been developed as a new water park, and continues to exist as a valuable waterfront.
Daimaru Canal Channel Map (created from Inagi City History Volume)
water war Ino ancient documents (Sahota family documents)
Ancient documents on water repair (Ashikawa family documents)
Daimaru irrigation waterway map (created from Inagi city historical volume)
